Vought F4U-1D Corsair

Tamiya, 1/32 scale

Reviewed by Brett Green

Tamiya's 1/32 scale F4U-1D Corsair will be available online from Squadron
 

Background

The combat career of the F4U Corsair stretched longer than any other US Navy WWII fighter aircraft. The first of more than 12,000 Corsairs were produced in 1940, and the last of these bent wing birds were still doing battle above Central America nearly thirty years later.

The Vought Aircraft company had a strong association with the US Navy during the inter war decades, but their focus in the 1930s was observation aircraft, trainers and seaplanes.

In response to a US Navy specification issued in February 1938, Vought submitted two designs. With the second of these carrier-based fighter proposals, Vought adopted the simple strategy of building the smallest possible airframe around the most powerful available engine.

At the same time, Pratt & Whitney was developing the supercharged R-2800 radial engine. Radial engines had recently lost favour to the sleeker inline configuration, but the US Navy preferred the ruggedness and simplicity of the radial arrangement. Vought therefore designed their new V-166B around the Pratt & Whitney R-2800 powerplant.

The brute force of the R-2800 engine had to be absorbed by a correspondingly large propeller. With a diameter of 13’ 4”, the Hamilton Standard three-bladed propeller assembly was the largest fitted to a fighter aircraft to that date.

This imposing propeller needed very high ground clearance. Vought’s solution was to install an inverted gull wing. The main undercarriage was fitted to the lowest point of the wing, improving ground clearance for the propeller while still permitting robust landing gear – essential for carrier landings. This design also lowered the profile of the Corsair with the wings folded, and strengthened the join with the fuselage via its sturdy central spar.

The result was the sole prototype XF4U-1, which first flew on 29 May, 1940. The ruggedness of Vought’s design was proven at the end of that maiden flight when the aircraft flipped after a forced landing. Although the prototype was badly damaged, it was repaired and flew again within months. Indeed, before the end of 1940 the XF4U-1 became the first US fighter aircraft to exceed 400 mph in level flight.

Further development was required to iron out a number of undesirable flying and landing characteristics. In December 1942 the Corsair commenced carrier trials. Ongoing problems with poor pilot visibility on final approach and premature port wing stall disqualified the Corsair from US carrier operations at this time.

However, the first land based Corsair Marines squadron entered front line service in February 1943. The famous Jolly Rogers, VF-17, became the first US Navy Corsair unit to see action shortly after. The Corsair immediately demonstrated its superiority over Japanese fighters with an impressive kill ratio. The performance of the F4U also proved to be at least on equal footing with its US Army Air Force fighter counterparts, the P-47 and the P-51.

The Corsair was also adopted by the British Fleet Air Arm. Unlike the US Navy, Britain operated their Corsairs on carriers from their first sorties in March 1944. With their strikes against the Tirpitz, the Fleet Air Arm was the only Corsair operator to face German forces.

US Navy Corsairs were eventually cleared for carrier use in April 1944, in time to deal with the Kamikaze threat later that year.

The Royal New Zealand Air Force was the third Corsair operator in the Pacific. 238 F4U-1As, 126 -1Ds and 60 FG-1Ds served with 13 RNZAF squadrons from May 1944.

F4U-1A

An improved version of the Corsair was soon introduced. Although it is now popularly known as the F4U-1A, this designation was never used officially.

This new version featured a taller canopy with less framing, a simplified windscreen, the pilot's seat was raised seven inches and the tail wheel strut was lengthened. These measures improved visibility for the pilot. The rear quarter windows were also deleted on this version.

Also new was a six inch metal strip added to the starboard wing leading edge to improve stall performance, heavy-duty undercarriage oleo struts to reduce bounce on landing, and the introduction of a larger diameter pneumatic tyre for the tail wheel. All of these features meant that this was the first version of the F4U-1 Corsair to be fully carrier capable.

The clear window beneath the cockpit was covered with sheet metal.

The F4U-1A was also the first Corsair capable of carrying either a drop tank of a 500 lb bomb on a centreline rack.

F4U-1D

The next version, the F4U-1D, was fitted with the new -8W water-injection engine. This change gave the aircraft up to 250 hp (190 kW) more power, which, in turn, increased performance. Speed was increased from 417 mph (671 km/h) to 425 mph (684 km/h).

Due to the U.S. Navy's need for fighter-bombers, it had a payload of rockets double that of the -1A, as well as twin-rack plumbing for an additional belly drop tank. These modifications necessitated the need for rocket tabs (attached to fully metal-plated underwing surfaces) and bomb pylons to be bolted onto the fighter, causing extra drag.

The extra fuel carried by the two drop tanks would still allow the aircraft to fly relatively long missions despite the heavy, un-aerodynamic loads. A single piece "blown" clear-view canopy was adopted as standard equipment for the -1D model, and all later F4U production aircraft, although at least some -1Ds seemed to be fitted with the earlier style canopy.

Additional production was carried out by Goodyear (FG-1D) and Brewster (F3A-1D).

In Fleet Air Arm service, both the Vought manufactured F4U-1A and F4U-1Ds were designated Corsair Mk II. The Fleet Air Arm designation for Goodyear manufactured Corsairs was Corsair Mk.IV.

Tamiya and the Corsair

Tamiya released their 1/48 scale F4U-1 Corsair around 1996. Hobbycraft had the great misfortune of releasing their 1/48 scale Corsair kits around the same time. Tamiya's was superior in all the important areas - accuracy, detail, engineering and fit.

This was the first in a line of Tamiya 1/48 scale Corsairs that included an F4U-1D and F4U-1A, released in that order. Tamiya also released 1/72 scale F4U-1D, F4U-1A and F4U-1 Bircage Corsairs between 2001 and 2006.

Following the launch of their groundbreaking 1/32 scale Spitfire Mk.IX in 2009, Spitfire Mk.VIII in 2010, P-51D Mustang in 2011 and their P-51K in 2012, Tamiya released their 1/32 scale F4U-1 "Birdcage" Corsair in mid-2013. This was an outstanding kit in every respect.

Tamiya expanded their 1/32 scale Corsair family with an F4U-1A in late 2014. This kit included several new sprues and offered a wider range of camouflage and marking possibilities.

Tamiya has now completed the -1 trio with their new 1/32 scale F4U-1D Corsair. Once again, this kit includes a significant number of brand new sprues to depict the unique attributes of this variant.

Tamiya’s 1/32 scale Vought F4U-1A Corsair comprises more than 450 parts in grey plastic; 27 parts in clear; four black plastic pieces; two frets of photo-etched metal; one self-adhesive metallic name plate; a self-adhesive masking sheet; two vinyl tyres; two metal rods; one screw; one nut; one small screwdriver; one poly cap; and two decal sheets with markings for three schemes.

The parts count may seem daunting, but quite a number of parts are for alternative versions and configurations. The engineering of the kit is straightforward too, and I can confirm from the experience of building the Birdcage Corsair last year that construction is trouble free as long as you pay careful attention to the instructions.

Tamiya transforms the Birdcage into the F4U-1D with no fewer than five new grey sprues and another new sprue in clear plastic.

The first of the new grey sprues, Sprue A, contains the upper wing parts with a new sprue gate to exclude the early version lower wing halves.

Next up is Sprue B, a new fuselage sprue which is subtly different to the sprue supplied in the Birdcage and -1A kits. In fact, the differences are so subtle that I haven't quite managed to pick them yet, but it is definitely a new (or at least revised) sprue, as indicated by the moulding date and serial number.

The new Sprue B1 comprises a single part - the lower mid-wing setion now moulded with provision four mounting the underwing ordnance racks.

Two identical Sprue Vs offers a bombs, new propeller blades, the large drop tanks and eight rockets with separate fins.

Sprue W includes the new reinforced lower wings. These have provision mounting the rockets. The footstep is also cut out of the port side flap and a new propeller hub is included.

The new clear parts supply the clear vision canopy. They are thin and sparkling and totally free from distortion.

Self-adhesive canopy masks are included for the new canopy and windscreen. The frames are printed onto the sheet but not die cut, so you will have to cut the individual masks out yourself (not a great chore though).

Otherwise, the plastic sprues are the same (and just as gorgeous) as those included in the F4U-1A kit, although the ordnace Sprue T for that specific type is not included in this box.

Surface detail is possibly even finer than Tamiya's 1/32 scale Mustang.  Crisply recessed panel lines are supplemented with rows of extremely restrained rivets. The visibility of the rivets varies depending on the angle and intensity of available light, ranging from subtly noticeable to almost imperceptible. Several different sizes of rivets are apparent too, as are selected slotted screw heads and raised hinges.

Fabric detail on the control surfaces and on the outer wing panels is restrained.

The fuselage halves are each presented in two main parts. Several options are possible for the turtledeck, mid upper spine and the top of the aircraft nose thanks to the use of inserts. The joins for these inserts fall on natural panel lines.

The cockpit is beautifully detailed and is modified for this version. The seat was raised in the -1A, and this is depicted correctly. The instrument panel follows the lead of Tamiya's other 1/32 scale kits, with a clear part sandwiched between a grey plastic panel and decals at the rear.

Photo-etched parts make an appearance in the cockpit. They are used for the harness straps and a number of other details.

The R-2800 radial engine is beautifully detailed too. This is an all-plastic affair so assembly should be straightforward. The ignition leads are not included, so you might like to add fine wire to depict these. The ends of the exhaust pipes are hollowed out.

Cowl flaps may be posed either open or closed. Different parts are supplied for each option.

Control surfaces including the elevators, flaps and ailerons are all provided as separate parts, but they are poseable as opposed to moveable. I actually like this approach as I tend to glue my control surfaces in position anyway, and it is certainly easier and more positive than metal rods and hinges. With the optional folded wings and small wing doors associated with the Corsair's flaps, hinged surfaces would have involved some necessary compromises in detail and scale too.

Similarly, the undercarriage may be built either down or up; and the flaps can be built either extended or folded. You'll need to decide on your model's configuration around Step 37 of construction.

The wing intakes, structure, spars and landing gear bays are intricate and authentic. Photo-etched parts are employed for the intakes and some of this structural detail.

The landing gear legs - all three - also look fantastic.

Tyres are vinyl.

The horizontal stabilisers and fin are attached to the fuselage via stout fixed locating slots.

A stout black plastic stand is supplied for "in-flight" display, along with a self-adhesive metallic label.

Two pilot figures round out the package – one standing and the second seated in full flight gear. I like the clear goggles provided for the seated pilot!

Markings are supplied for two aircraft - an F4U-1D and FG-1D, both in over all Gloss Sea Blue - plus extensive stencilling.

Wing walks, a revsersed instrument dial decal, placards and more stencils are supplied on a second sheet.

Both decal sheets are in register on my sample.

Once again, Tamiya has delivered a truly outstanding model. If you have the slightest interest in the F4U Corsair family, Tamiya’s newest 1/32 scale kit will be an essential ornament for your modelling bench. Do yourself a favour and build one soon.

Highly Recommended.

Thanks to Tamiya Japan for the sample.

Text and Images Copyright © 2017 by Brett Green
Page Created 15 June, 2017
Last updated 15 June, 2017

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